Articles by John Siegenthaler, P.E.

An installer wants to achieve hydraulic separation between three zone circulators. He also wants to have the same supply water temperature to each zone, so he pipes up what he calls a “modified primary/secondary system.”

Outdoor reset can improve performance.

A designer needs to connect an indirect water heater to a multiple boiler system. He selects a hydraulic separator and connects the piping of the indirect water heater on the same side as the boilers.

Details matter when adding a pellet boiler to an existing system.

A heating professional is asked to retrofit a biomass boiler to an existing distribution system consisting of older cast-iron radiators, iron piping and an oil-fired boiler.

With the right design, geothermal heat pumps can work in a variety of applications.